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German company clogs SCO's legal machine

Startup halts SCO's copyright infringement claims in Europe's largest open source market


By John Blau, IDG News Service March 26, 2004

A tiny German software company has thrown some sand in the gears of The SCO Group Inc.'s roaring legal machine. As anyone interested in open-source software will know by now, SCO is claiming that its copyright-protected code was illegally copied into the Linux operating system. The company has sued IBM Corp. alleging copyright infringement and breach of contract, and earlier this month sued two Linux users, DaimlerChrysler AG and auto parts retailer AutoZone Inc., over their use of the open-source operating system.

 But what some folks don't know is that Univention GmbH, a small startup software venture in Bremen, Germany, has successfully halted the Lindon, Utah, company from making copyright infringement claims in the country -- Europe's largest open source market. Univention was one of three organizations last year to win a temporary restraining court order against SCO Group GmbH, forcing SCO's German subsidiary to stop spreading allegations about Linux copyright violations. On Feb. 18, Univention struck an out-of-court settlement with the SCO unit, said Univention Founder and Managing Director Peter Ganten. "We told SCO that we intended to defend our position in court after the restraining court order expired," he said. "SCO could have challenged us in court but chose not to." However, the two companies could still end up in front of a judge if SCO isn't careful, Ganten warned.

In an interview last week with the German edition of the Financial Times newspaper, Gregory Blepp, vice president of licensing at SCO in the U.S., said he was working with great intensity to create legal conditions that require Linux users in Germany to purchase SCO's intellectual property licenses. "This statement is a bit astonishing," Ganten said. "It would really surprise us if SCO is already trying to breach our out-of-court settlement less than one month after signing it." Univention's lawyers are currently reviewing the issue, according to Ganten. "We will take legal action if we determine that SCO is attempting to breach the out-of-court settlement," he said. A fuzzy issue, according to Ganten, is whether an employee of SCO in the U.S. can make claims in Germany. The out-of-court settlement prohibits only employees of the German subsidiary from making copyright violation claims in the country.

On March 4, just three days after Univention publicly announced the out-of-court settlement, SCO in the U.S. commissioned a public relations agency in Germany to translate and circulate a news release pointing to copyright claims. "This is the sort of borderline behavior we've seen from SCO since we reached the agreement," Ganten said. In the February out-of-court settlement, the German SCO subsidiary agreed to refrain from maintaining or disseminating any of these four assertions:

  • Linux operating systems contain unlawfully acquired intellectual property from SCO Unix;
  • end users, if they use Linux, could be held liable for the violations of SCO intellectual properties;
  • Linux is an unauthorized derivative of Unix;
  • buyers of Linux operating systems other than SCO Linux or Caldera Linux may be subject to criminal prosecution.

As part of the settlement, the German subsidiary agreed not to claim publicly that proofs of copyright violation would be provided soon, unless they are provided to Univention within one month from such an announcement. In addition, the unit committed to pay Univention a penalty of €10,000 (US$12,000) for each instance of future violation of the agreed obligations. With its unsubstantiated claims, SCO was intimidating Linux customers in Germany and damaging the reputation of Linux, Ganten said. "We needed to react and we did," he said. "And we understand that U.S. courts have caught wind of our settlement. Maybe that's why SCO is so nervous."



SCO Linux licensee has second thoughts on deal

Deal with SCO was widely criticized by licensee's customers

By Robert McMillan, IDG News Service



Less than one month after becoming the first publicly announced purchaser of The SCO Group Inc.'s controversial intellectual property license for Linux, Houston-based Internet service provider Everyones Internet Ltd. is reconsidering the benefits of doing business with the Linux community's enemy number one.

EV1Servers.Net (EV1), the hosting division of Everyones Internet, announced on March 1 that it had licensed SCO's intellectual property (IP), saying that it was looking to offer its customers stability in the wake of SCO's protracted battle with the open source community. SCO claims that the Linux operating system violates its own intellectual property and that users of Linux could be sued over these claims unless they purchase the Lindon, Utah, company's Linux license.

The deal with SCO not only would prevent EV1's Linux hosting customers from being sued, it also would take both EV1 and its users "out of the current fray," said Everyones Internet CEO Robert Marsh on the day of the announcement.

As it happened, the licensing deal placed Marsh's company in the very center of the SCO Linux dispute. SCO portrayed EV1 as a model client for its licensing plan -- a company that had recognized the "importance of SCO's valuable IP asset," according to SCO CEO Darl McBride.

Reaction from Linux users, however, was negative, and the deal was widely criticized on EV1's own online discussion boards. "Had you wanted to stay out of this, you'd not have agreed to go public and become SCO's poster child," wrote one member in EV1's user forums, the day after the deal with SCO was announced. "I am looking into other hosting alternatives specifically due to your stance with SCO," the member wrote.

"We got the hate mail, we got the group of people who interpreted our agreement as validating SCO or endorsing SCO or any number of things," said Marsh.

"All of a sudden we went from being reasonably good guys to being, in some people's eyes, akin to the devil. And that's certainly something that weighs heavy on our minds, because we always want to do the right thing," he said.

So how does Marsh feel about the deal nearly a month later? "Would I do it again? No. I'll go on the record as saying that," Marsh said. "I certainly know a lot more today than I knew a month ago, in a lot of respects."

Though Marsh admitted that EV1 has lost some hosting business since the deal, he said it is not out of line with the number of sites EV1 loses in a typical month.

On March 25, Internet research company Netcraft Ltd.'s Sites on the Move section reported that EV1 had lost 1,080 Web sites in the previous 30 days, but according to Marsh, a loss of 800 to 1,300 sites per month was normal for EV1. Because of new business, EV1 had experienced a net gain of more than 3,300 sites during the same period, he added. "We churn a lot of sites," Marsh said.

The big loser in this matter may be SCO, said Dion Cornett, an analyst with Decatur Jones Equity Partners LLC, an equity research firm based in Chicago. Having their first publicly announced customer express second thoughts over the deal so soon after its announcement may make it difficult for SCO to sign up other customers, he said.

"For Robert (Marsh) to say that he would not do the deal again, that's certainly going to be heeded by anyone that SCO talks to in the future," Cornett said.







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